Different Forms Of Anger Depending on our inherent belief system, past experiences and perceptions of the present situations we are in, angertakes different forms, which emerge in our consciousness and get reflected through our behaviour: 1. IrritationYou create this when day-to-day events don't happen fast enough e.g. your flight gets delayed, you are made to wait in a queue, etc. 2. FrustrationYou create this when events don't occur as per your desires and expectations.3. GrudgeYou create this when you believe that you have been wronged by someone in the past. 4. ResentmentYou create this towards those that you think have insulted or offended you or when you are jealous of someone. 5. HatredYou create this following your deep disapproval of another's actions. 6. RageYou create this following the build up of anger normally in response to others' actions, which you label as obstructive or invasive, e.g. road rage.

Meditation - What The Scientists Say .... * Scientists used to believe connections among brain cells were fixed early in life and did not change in adulthood, but studies using brain imaging have shown that mental training through meditation can change brain circuits. It can also improve higher mental activity by increasing coordination between different brain areas. * Meditation can be an active rather than passive process. During the practice of meditation, brain areas dealing with input from the senses become less active, but other parts "light up" and the heart rate increases. * Meditation can free us from unhelpful tendencies, letting us see both our true inner nature and the reality of the world around us.

Sufi preacher and saint of Chishti Order, from South Asia.[1] He is recognised as the first major poet of the Punjabi language [2]. Baba Farid is considered one of the holiest and pivotal saints of the Punjab region; today he is revered among both Sufis as well as Muslims, Sikhs and Hindus. In Sikhism, he is one of 15 Sikh Bhagats, whose works have been incorporated in Sikh Holy Book, the Guru Granth Sahib [4].wikipedia

LXXXVII.Farewell! thou art too dear for my possessing,And like enough thou know'st thy estimate:The charter of thy worth gives thee releasing;My bonds in thee are all determinate.For how do I hold thee but by thy granting?And for that riches where is my deserving?The cause of this fair gift in me is wanting,And so my patent back again is swerving.Thyself thou gavest, thy own worth then not knowing,Or me, to whom thou gavest it, else mistaking;So thy great gift, upon misprision growing,Comes home again, on better judgment making.Thus have I had thee, as a dream doth flatter,In sleep a king, but waking no such matter.

DIWALI - Celebration of Perfection…
No other festival unites Indians around the world, as does Deepavali. A single diya or lamp holds infinite beauty and hope. Diwali is a celebration of victory over evil or darkness and the coming of a New Year. But if we probe further, what is this darkness we want to remove? Light means to follow a virtuous path such that our thoughts are always pure in heart, our words are sweet and peaceful and bring joy to the listener and our actions are always beneficial first to ourselves, and to others as well as the environment. Darkness on the other hand is when our thoughts are negative and when manifested in words or actions bring hurt and sorrow at every step. In reality, evil or darkness does not have an identity of its own – it exists due to a lack of goodness or light. Knowledge, power and all that is pure, are very real characteristics since they are part of us, perhaps dormant yet existing. The Festival of Lights is the fight against evil forces and creation of peace and happiness. Diwali conjures up a number of things in the mind's eye – sweets, new clothes, account books, Goddess Lakshmi, fireworks etc. So instead of celebrating Diwali, LET'S EXPERIENCE DIWALI.As we clean our homes, let's clean our minds and intellects too.As we wear new clothes, let's also discard our old, unwanted, disturbing traits of anger, jealousy, worry.... and emerge our new but original traits of peace, love, bliss and happiness.
Tonight we will settle our old account books and begin new, simultaneously let us settle our old karmic accounts, any unpleasant relationships and begin our relationships in a new way.
We are all aware of the pollution caused by firecrackers, but it is Diwali, we need to burn crackers, so why not burn all the crackers of evil traits within ourselves - this burning will in fact purify our minds and the environment.
As we exchange sweets let us also exchange meaningful sweet words, good wishes and blessings. If we really experience Diwali we will succeed in invoking Goddess Lakshmi. Her name stems from the word, 'Laksh' meaning ' the GOAL', implying that she stands for the ultimate goal of perfection that human beings can reach. The 'wealth' that she has to offer is of knowledge and virtues; a divine character alone can attain prosperity and peace.
The key lies in lighting a single 'diya' - my own conscient awareness ....

XXXIV.Why didst thou promise such a beauteous day,And make me travel forth without my cloak,To let base clouds o'ertake me in my way,Hiding thy bravery in their rotten smoke?'Tis not enough that through the cloud thou break,To dry the rain on my storm-beaten face,For no man well of such a salve can speakThat heals the wound and cures not the disgrace:Nor can thy shame give physic to my grief;Though thou repent, yet I have still the loss:The offender's sorrow lends but weak reliefTo him that bears the strong offence's cross.Ah! but those tears are pearl which thy love sheds,And they are rich and ransom all ill deeds.

I've said before that every craftsman searches for what's not there to practice his craft. A builder looks for the rotten hole where the roof caved in. A water-carrier picks the empty pot. A carpenter stops at the house with no door. Workers rush toward some hint of emptiness, which they then start to fill. Their hope, though, is for emptiness, so don't think you must avoid it. It contains what you need! Dear soul, if you were not friends with the vast nothing inside, why would you always be casting you net into it, and waiting so patiently? This invisible ocean has given you such abundance, but still you call it "death", that which provides you sustenance and work. God has allowed some magical reversal to occur, so that you see the scorpion pit as an object of desire, and all the beautiful expanse around it, as dangerous and swarming with snakes. This is how strange your fear of death and emptiness is, and how perverse the attachment to what you want. Now that you've heard me on your misapprehensions, dear friend, listen to Attar's story on the same subject. He strung the pearls of this about King Mahmud, how among the spoils of his Indian campaign there was a Hindu boy, whom he adopted as a son. He educated and provided royally for the boy and later made him vice-regent, seated on a gold throne beside himself. One day he found the young man weeping.. "Why are you crying? You're the companion of an emperor! The entire nation is ranged out before you like stars that you can command!" The young man replied, "I am remembering my mother and father, and how they scared me as a child with threats of you! 'Uh-oh, he's headed for King Mahmud's court! Nothing could be more hellish!' Where are they now when they should see me sitting here?" This incident is about your fear of changing. You are the Hindu boy. Mahmud, which means Praise to the End, is the spirit's poverty or emptiness. The mother and father are your attachment to beliefs and blood ties and desires and comforting habits. Don't listen to them! They seem to protect but they imprison. They are your worst enemies. They make you afraid of living in emptiness. Some day you'll weep tears of delight in that court, remembering your mistaken parents! Know that your body nurtures the spirit, helps it grow, and gives it wrong advise. The body becomes, eventually, like a vest of chain mail in peaceful years, too hot in summer and too cold in winter. But the body's desires, in another way, are like an unpredictable associate, whom you must be patient with. And that companion is helpful, because patience expands your capacity to love and feel peace. The patience of a rose close to a thorn keeps it fragrant. It's patience that gives milk to the male camel still nursing in its third year, and patience is what the prophets show to us. The beauty of careful sewing on a shirt is the patience it contains. Friendship and loyalty have patience as the strength of their connection. Feeling lonely and ignoble indicates that you haven't been patient. Be with those who mix with God as honey blends with milk, and say, "Anything that comes and goes, rises and sets, is not what I love." else you'll be like a caravan fire left to flare itself out alone beside the road. RUMI

http://loveurdu.com/urdu-poetry/poetry.asp?PID=195&HID=1928

http://in.youtube.com/watch?v=5awZ9sOTA54&feature=related

Positive Reflection For The Day
Detachment brings the power of realization, which enables recognition of one's mistakes. Detachment means to be detached from our old ways of thinking and habits. When we are detached, we have the power of realization, which enables us to correct our mistakes without giving excuses. If not we'll just continue to prove to ourselves and to others that we are right even if we are not. When someone points at our mistake, it is good to get detached from our old nature and ask ourselves if there is anything that we can do to correct ourselves. When we are able to do this we can learn and continue to improve ourselves with every criticism that comes our way.

http://in.youtube.com/watch?v=WrlkDcZNRXU

My tongue-tied Muse in manners holds her still,While comments of your praise, richly compiled,Reserve their character with golden quillAnd precious phrase by all the Muses filed.I think good thoughts whilst other write good words,And like unletter'd clerk still cry 'Amen'To every hymn that able spirit affordsIn polish'd form of well-refined pen.Hearing you praised, I say ''Tis so, 'tis true,'And to the most of praise add something more;But that is in my thought, whose love to you,Though words come hindmost, holds his rank before.Then others for the breath of words respect,Me for my dumb thoughts, speaking in effect.

meditation

Meditation Meditation is perhaps the most important tool to develop our intellectual skills. It produces a wide range of effects on the mind, such as improved capacity to concentrate and increased clarity of thinking, which, in turn, simplify decision-making. It also improves health and general well being, reducing anxiety, stress, pain and depressive or obsessive thoughts. It is useful in clearing the mind at the end of the day, for relaxing and improving sleep. It is not necessary to attempt to blank or suppress the mind in meditation. Alternatively, the creation of positive thoughts is encouraged in such a way so as to tap our natural power to think.

Positive Thinking Try to think one pure thought every day.I am what I think. The mind is constantly occupied in the thought process, and it is virtually impossible to have a vacant (empty) yet alive mind. Without doubt, my entire world has been created by my thoughts. Sometimes the results of these thoughts are manifested immediately and sometimes results take a longer period to come into the practical. However, the fact remains that thoughts, when given constant energy and attention, will come into practical. They are the basis for all my actions.

Positive Reflection For The Day True humility comes from self-respect. When we are full and in our state of self-respect, we will be able to remain humble in all situations. When there is no self-respect, any comments or criticism hurts the ego and we tend to lose our humility. When I find myself getting affected by criticism, I need to check whether I am sure of what I'm doing. Let me look within myself and see what specialties I have that I can use in my daily life. So when I increase my own confidence in this way and do everything with this confidence, I'll be humble.

Empowering The Self Lets imagine you know who and what you truly are – an eternal soul, a spiritual being that is unlimited and infinite. If this is true of you it is therefore likely to be true of everyone else around you, though they may not be aware, just as once upon a time you were not aware! Now see them also as spiritual beings, as souls, as sources of peace and love, and you will stop building barriers, division and separation between you and them. As a result, you will gradually end your creation of fear towards them. You will also cease to base your happiness on others meeting your hopes and expectations. This will free your self from all anger and hatred. With fear, anger and all sadness now gone your 'power drains' are closed and your mental energy will gradually increase and stabilize. Question:Why does fear and anger drain and not empower? Reflection:Imagine the person with whom you have the most conflict today as simply a spiritual being like yourself, beyond the labels of name gender, form and position. When you see them like this what difference would it make to how you think, feel and act towards them? Action:What can you do differently tomorrow which gives expression to your new perception of others?


Our death is our wedding with eternity. What is the secret? "God is One." The sunlight splits when entering the windows of the house. This multiplicity exists in the cluster of grapes; It is not in the juice made from the grapes. For he who is living in the Light of God, The death of the carnal soul is a blessing. Regarding him, say neither bad nor good, For he is gone beyond the good and the bad. Fix your eyes on God and do not talk about what is invisible, So that he may place another look in your eyes. It is in the vision of the physical eyes That no invisible or secret thing exists. But when the eye is turned toward the Light of God What thing could remain hidden under such a Light? Although all lights emanate from the Divine Light Don't call all these lights "the Light of God"; It is the eternal light which is the Light of God, The ephemeral light is an attribute of the body and the flesh. ...Oh God who gives the grace of vision! The bird of vision is flying towards You with the wings of desire. rumi

Reflect, Reveal, Resolve and Relax It is likely that each day usually has a number of minor and perhaps major anxious moments. We tend to accept those moments as a part of normal life and do little to understand and resolve them. Little moments eventually grow into big moments and suddenly we are in crisis. By responding honestly to the questions you see here you will gain insight into whatever the situation is and as a result begin to see possible ways to resolve. QuestionsWhat was your most stressful moment today?What do you think was the cause of your stress? Were there any emotions present? Describe those emotions. Why do you think you responded in this way?


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Meditation And Visualization
The Supreme Being is the seed of all human souls. He has the same form as the soul, a subtle, infinitesimal, point of light. The only difference is in the qualities that he radiates. He is an Ocean of peace, joy, love, bliss, knowledge, purity, power, etc.
In the practice of meditation, the soul, using its thought power and power of visualization links its mind to this Supreme Energy and spiritually charges itself with all the divine virtues that he is a source of. Knowing the Supreme Being's form and attributes, we can bring that image onto the screen of our mind and begin immediately to experience his qualities and powers by associating them with that beautiful form.

Self Esteem Self-esteem and self-respect are intimately connected. One is an integral part of the other. One is not possible without the other. In relationships, when other people are throwing all their negative energy at us, if we can maintain our own self-respect we will be able to remain stable, positive and unaffected. In fact, if our self -respect is strong, we will not feel the need to return like for like, but will be able to return understanding and compassion instead. To restore, build and strengthen our self-respect, we need to practice giving respect to others – no matter what they are like, or what they do. What we rarely realise is that in the process of respecting another, we are first of all respecting ourself. Reflection:What does showing respect look like? (imagine different ways in which you can convey respect to another person) - What do you think is the biggest inner barrier to developing the ability to give respect to others? Action:Whom could you consciously choose to respect more today than you have up to now? (remember that to be respectful you will need to be non-judgmental)

At every instant and from every side, resounds the call of Love: We are going to sky, who wants to come with us? We have gone to heaven, we have been the friends of the angels, And now we will go back there, for there is our country. We are higher than heaven, more noble than the angels: Why not go beyond them? Our goal is the Supreme Majesty. What has the fine pearl to do with the world of dust? Why have you come down here? Take your baggage back. What is this place? Luck is with us, to us is the sacrifice!... Like the birds of the sea, men come from the ocean--the ocean of the soul. Like the birds of the sea, men come from the ocean--the ocean of the soul. How could this bird, born from that sea, make his dwelling here? No, we are the pearls from the bosom of the sea, it is there that we dwell: Otherwise how could the wave succeed to the wave that comes from the soul? The wave named 'Am I not your Lord' has come, it has broken the vessel of the body; And when the vessel is broken, the vision comes back, and the union with Him.

O Little Root of a Dream by Paul Celan Translated by Heather McHugh and Nikolai Popov O little root of a dream you hold me here undermined by blood, no longer visible to anyone, property of death. Curve a face that there may be speech, of earth, of ardor, of things with eyes, even here, where you read me blind, even here, where you refute me, to the letter.

Positive Reflection For The Day Most of us learn to live life reluctantly, (I HAVE to go to work, I HAVE to do this and that); few of us realize we drain our own power by forgetting we always have choice and free will. Instead we make ourselves feel like prisoners of our culture, our environment or 'the system', and as a consequence we fall asleep to our choices. Start to consciously choose the day every day, consciously choose to do everything you do. Even if you don't particularly enjoy what you do, choose it. Remind yourself that joy is not something you get from a particular place or activity, true joy is something that you generate as you give yourself whole heartedly to whatever you do. Be whole hearted in everything you do and watch how it transforms life from 'have to' a 'want to'. The first word on your lips as soon as you awaken in the morning … YES!

The drum of the realization of the promise is beating,
we are sweeping the road to the sky. Your joy is here today, what remains for tomorrow?
The armies of the day have chased the army of the night,
Heaven and earth are filled with purity and light.
Oh! joy for he who has escaped from this world of perfumes and color!
For beyond these colors and these perfumes, these are other colors in the heart and the soul.
Oh! joy for this soul and this heart who have escaped
the earth of water and clay,
Although this water and this clay contain the hearth of the
philosophical stone.


(Mystic Odes 473)

Three grand essentials to happiness in this life are something to do, something to love, and something to hope for."
Joseph Addison

"Be less curious about people and more curious about ideas."Marie Curie
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One Thought One Feeling Create a positive thought about yourself. For example - "I am a peaceful being" or "I am a loving soul" or "I am filled with constant contentment".Now find an object, associate the object with the thought and meditate on both together. Allow the object to open and deepen the thought and the feelings, which may come with it. Use different objects with different thoughts. For example "I am peace" ..... and .... a tea cup!I imagine filling the cup, not with water but with liquid peace... It fills to overflowing... Spilling peace is not a problem for I have an unlimited amount of peacefulness to pour... I hand the cup to someone I know who is having difficulty with stress... I see them drink from the cup and smile... Already they are feeling more relaxed...

Positive Reflection For The Day The most powerful anchor on our potential to soar high in life is the past. The past consists of our experience, learned beliefs and all our mistakes. Life cannot truly begin until we are able to say goodbye to yesterday at will. Like a filing cabinet, the past is a resource of information for learning, but it is not a place to live. When you go to work do you spend your day in the filing cabinet? How often will you/did you live in the past today? Say goodbye and make it final. Saying farewell to yesterday, last month and last year is the sign of a person who wants to live for today and is truly alive to all the possibilities of 'the moment', while fully aware that all they think, say and do right now, creates tomorrow.

Self Esteem The rebuilding of 'real' self-esteem is an inner process of self-realization, self-knowledge and self-awareness. We need to spend sometime seeing our own inner qualities and appreciating them, and most importantly expressing them for the benefit of others. In this way we gradually come to know our own true beauty. Are you ready to rediscover what is already there? Question: Imagine five people in your life were asked to identify a specific positive quality/trait within you. List the five different qualities, which you think they would see in you. Reflection:Now spend a few minutes with each of these qualities/traits and visualize yourself expressing them in your life.

"It is easier to forgive an enemy than to forgive a friend."
William Blake


True Potential The potential of a good team is buried in the people that make up the team. It will emerge as a combination of talent, skills and character. It will be seen and felt in the quality of communication as the team rises to the challenge of fulfilling its purpose. Similarly, your potential is buried within, but in order to allow it to emerge you will need to stop putting blocks and barriers in its way. While talents may be evident, and skills can be learned, both will be fine tuned with practice from 'outside in'. The deepest potential of any human being is spiritual in nature, and it comes from 'inside out'. The regular practice of meditation helps us in harnessing our true inner potential.

True Potential The potential of a good team is buried in the people that make up the team. It will emerge as a combination of talent, skills and character. It will be seen and felt in the quality of communication as the team rises to the challenge of fulfilling its purpose. Similarly, your potential is buried within, but in order to allow it to emerge you will need to stop putting blocks and barriers in its way. While talents may be evident, and skills can be learned, both will be fine tuned with practice from 'outside in'. The deepest potential of any human being is spiritual in nature, and it comes from 'inside out'. The regular practice of meditation helps us in harnessing our true inner potential.
Choose your friends carefully. Your enemies will choose you."Yassir Arafat

From Role Consciousness To Soul Consciousness List the main roles that you play in your life why?How do you think the practice of meditation may eventually help you to play that role more effectively?


"You need chaos in your soul to give birth to a dancing star."
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

From Role Consciousness To Soul Consciousness List the main roles that you play in your life why?How do you think the practice of meditation may eventually help you to play that role more effectively?


"You need chaos in your soul to give birth to a dancing star."
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

Restoring Freedom There is nothing more certain in life than the eventual loss of whatever you become attached to. If you cannot yet be detached then you can prepare for the moment the universe will come to take away your attachments. This is also a moment of freedom, although we do not appreciate it until after the event. Make a list of all the things (ideas, objects, people, circumstances etc), which you are attached to.Take one item at a time and complete the following statement:If the universe took away/changed/or altered (insert attachment)...............................then my response would be as follows. I would feel....................................... and I would (what would you do)..................

"When you're young, the silliest notions seem the greatest achievements."Pearl Bailey

Positive Reflection For The Day Proof of seeing the best in others is shown when we naturally thank and praise rather than criticize those with whom we interact at home or at the workplace on a daily basis. Keep a percentage wise record of your progress in this area, for a period of one week for the following points: 1. Name of person and relationship2. How did I thank or praise him/her?3. What was this person's response?Remember that although you may be constantly positive with others, constantly seeing their original spiritual virtues, it may take time for them to do the same.


"The greatest sweetener of human life is Friendship. To raise this to the highest pitch of enjoyment, is a secret which but few discover."
Joseph Addison

This World Which Is Made of Our Love for EmptinessPraise to the emptiness that blanks out existence. Existence: This place made from our love for that emptiness! Yet somehow comes emptiness, this existence goes. Praise to that happening, over and over! For years I pulled my own existence out of emptiness. Then one swoop, one swing of the arm, that work is over. Free of who I was, free of presence, free of dangerous fear, hope, free of mountainous wanting. The here-and-now mountain is a tiny piece of a piece of straw blown off into emptiness. These words I'm saying so much begin to lose meaning: Existence, emptiness, mountain, straw: Words and what they try to say swept out the window, down the slant of the roof. rumi



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fitrat

Re-discovering Internal Strengths Make a short list of your truest internal strengths, which you believe you possess but do not use in your practical life. Ask yourself whether any of these strengths can be used to remove unnecessary stresses, tensions or contradictions in your practical life? Now determine that you will bring these strengths into practice at your workplace and at home - where everyone will see the use you are making of them. Believe in these ideas as symbols of your essential character, rather than thinking of them as separate from yourself. Using this hidden wealth of your strengths in your practical life will help you realise your complete potential and fulfill your goals in your personal as well as professional life.

Thy glass will show thee how thy beauties wear,Thy dial how thy precious minutes waste;The vacant leaves thy mind's imprint will bear,And of this book this learning mayst thou taste.The wrinkles which thy glass will truly showOf mouthed graves will give thee memory;Thou by thy dial's shady stealth mayst knowTime's thievish progress to eternity.Look, what thy memory can not containCommit to these waste blanks, and thou shalt findThose children nursed, deliver'd from thy brain,To take a new acquaintance of thy mind.These offices, so oft as thou wilt look,Shall profit thee and much enrich thy book.

Meditation In Action1. At different times within your daily routine of action, practice going beyond sound in one second. Stop, pack up all your thoughts and spend a couple of minutes in silence. This is a really powerful way to strengthen the mind and the intellect. After a few minutes, return to the world of sound with the reinforced awareness of being an incorporeal (non-physical) soul, an actor and the body, your corporeal (physical) costume or instrument. 2. Practice seeing all those who come into contact with you as souls, tiny sparkling points of consciousness, whose inherent virtues are peace, bliss, love, joy, power, etc.. In this way the soul is not pulled by the others' imperfections, and will avoid any negative interactions with anyone.
: lucknow
Columbia Encyclopedia
Lucknow or Lakhnau, city (1991 pop. 1,669,204), capital of Uttar Pradesh state, N central India, on the Gomati River. An educational and cultural center, it has varied industries, including food processing, railroad shops, and handicrafts. The city is a major transportation hub and has an important agricultural market. It was the capital of the kingdom of Oudh (1775-1856) and then of Oudh prov. It became the capital of the United Provinces when Agra and Oudh merged in 1877. The most notable architectural structure is the Imambara [mausoleum] of Asuf-ad-Daula, Oudh's greatest king.

Bara Imambara Lucknow
mambara---takyakhana."
Wikipedia
A Hussainia (Arabic: حسينية Persian: Hosseiniyeh Urdu: Imambargah) is a congregation hall for Shia ritual ceremonies, especially those associated with the Remembrance of Muharram. The name comes from Husayn Ibn Ali, the grandson of the Muhammad and an Imam of the Shia. Hussain was killed by Yazid I in Karbala, Iraq, over 1,300 years ago.


Positive Reflection For The Day The power of silence can bring peace to any situation. The instruments for the power of silence are pure thoughts and pure feelings. We can give others an experience with the power of our silence. When we understand and experience the power of silence we will become more powerful. We will then be able to experience peace that will naturally spread to others too. When we have to correct someone in any situation we first need to remind ourselves that words will not work but silence based on pure feelings and love will surely work. When we accept the person as he is with love we will be able to bring about a change in him.

Meditation And Health Each virtue of the self or soul is specially required for nourishing and empowering one human body system. The virtue of peace is responsible for sustaining the respiratory system, joy for the gastrointestinal system, love for the circulatory system, bliss for the endocrine system, knowledge for the brain and nervous system, purity for the immune system and the five senses and power for the muscular and skeletal systems.Each one of us has at least one body system, which is most susceptible to disease. When our mind is under the influence of stressful emotions, there is a decrease in the flow, from the soul to this body system, of that virtue which is required by it for its upbringing, which leads to the development of disease in this system over a period of time e.g. when an individual with a weak respiratory system is in a negative state of mind, there is a decrease in the flow of peace to the respiratory system which in turn can lead to a disorder like asthma.
2008-10-01 12:30:41 GMTComments: 0 Permanent Link
Entry for October 01, 2008

Mughal painting is a particular style of Indian painting, generally confined to miniatures either as book illustrations or as single works to be kept in albums, which emerged from Persian miniature painting, with Indian Hindu and Buddhist influences, and developed during the period of the Mughal Empire (16th -19th centuries).Wikipedia,